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They then use a discriminative model to rerank the translation output using additional nonworld level features. They then use a generative model to rerank the translation output using additional nonworld level features.
901
They then use a generative model to rerank the translation output using additional nonworld level features. They then use a discriminative model to rerank the translation output using additional nonworld level features.
902
In contrast to standard MT tasks, we are dealing with a relatively low-resource setting where the sparseness of the target vocabulary is an issue. Unlike in standard MT tasks, we are dealing with a relatively low-resource setting where the sparseness of the target vocabulary is an issue.
903
Unlike in standard MT tasks, we are dealing with a relatively low-resource setting where the sparseness of the target vocabulary is an issue. In contrast to standard MT tasks, we are dealing with a relatively low-resource setting where the sparseness of the target vocabulary is an issue.
904
A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding. Logits are then computed for these actions and particular actions are chosen according to a softmax over these logits during training and decoding.
905
Logits are then computed for these actions and particular actions are chosen according to a softmax over these logits during training and decoding. A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding.
906
A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding. A distribution is then computed over these actions using a maximum-entropy approach and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding.
907
A distribution is then computed over these actions using a maximum-entropy approach and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding. A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding.
908
A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding. A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen randomly during training and decoding.
909
A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen randomly during training and decoding. A distribution is then computed over these actions using a softmax function and particular actions are chosen accordingly during training and decoding.
910
The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed word-by-word, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue. The systems thus produced support the capability to interrupt an interlocutor mid-sentence.
911
The systems thus produced support the capability to interrupt an interlocutor mid-sentence. The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed word-by-word, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue.
912
The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed word-by-word, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue. The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed sentence-by-sentence, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue.
913
The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed sentence-by-sentence, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue. The systems thus produced are incremental: dialogues are processed word-by-word, shown previously to be essential in supporting natural, spontaneous dialogue.
914
Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one example is enough from which to learn. Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one-shot learning is sufficient.
915
Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one-shot learning is sufficient. Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one example is enough from which to learn.
916
Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one example is enough from which to learn. Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, any number of examples is enough from which to learn.
917
Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, any number of examples is enough from which to learn. Indeed, it is often stated that for humans to learn how to perform adequately in a domain, one example is enough from which to learn.
918
We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end NLG. We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end natural language generation.
919
We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end natural language generation. We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end NLG.
920
We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end NLG. We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end natural language parsing.
921
We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end natural language parsing. We investigate a wide range of metrics, including state-of-the-art word-based and novel grammar-based ones, and demonstrate that they only weakly reflect human judgements of system outputs as generated by data-driven, end-to-end NLG.
922
To assess the reliability of ratings, we calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures inter-observer reliability on ordinal data for more than two raters (Landis and Koch, 1977). To assess the unreliability of ratings, we calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures inter-observer reliability on ordinal data for more than two raters (Landis and Koch, 1977).
923
To assess the unreliability of ratings, we calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures inter-observer reliability on ordinal data for more than two raters (Landis and Koch, 1977). To assess the reliability of ratings, we calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures inter-observer reliability on ordinal data for more than two raters (Landis and Koch, 1977).
924
We also show that metric performance is data- and system-specific. We also show that metric performance varies between datasets and systems.
925
We also show that metric performance varies between datasets and systems. We also show that metric performance is data- and system-specific.
926
We also show that metric performance is data- and system-specific. We also show that metric performance is constant between datasets and systems.
927
We also show that metric performance is constant between datasets and systems. We also show that metric performance is data- and system-specific.
928
Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at producing fluent outputs and generally score well on standard word-match metrics, but perform quite poorly at content selection and at capturing long-term structure. Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at surface-level language modeling, but perform quite poorly at capturing higher level semantics and structure.
929
Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at surface-level language modeling, but perform quite poorly at capturing higher level semantics and structure. Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at producing fluent outputs and generally score well on standard word-match metrics, but perform quite poorly at content selection and at capturing long-term structure.
930
Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at producing fluent outputs and generally score well on standard word-match metrics, but perform quite poorly at content selection and at capturing long-term structure. Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at capturing higher level semantics and structure but perform quite poorly at surface-level language modeling.
931
Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at capturing higher level semantics and structure but perform quite poorly at surface-level language modeling. Our experiments indicate that neural systems are quite good at producing fluent outputs and generally score well on standard word-match metrics, but perform quite poorly at content selection and at capturing long-term structure.
932
Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training. Reconstruction-based techniques can operate on multiple scales during training.
933
Reconstruction-based techniques can operate on multiple scales during training. Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training.
934
Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training. Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during test.
935
Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during test. Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training.
936
Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training. Reconstruction-based techniques can only be applied at the sentence-level during training.
937
Reconstruction-based techniques can only be applied at the sentence-level during training. Reconstruction-based techniques can also be applied at the document or sentence-level during training.
938
In practice, our proposed extractive evaluation will pick up on many errors in this passage. In practice, our proposed extractive evaluation will pick up on few errors in this passage.
939
In practice, our proposed extractive evaluation will pick up on few errors in this passage. In practice, our proposed extractive evaluation will pick up on many errors in this passage.
940
Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of passing the Bechdel test. Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of two named women characters talking about something besides men.
941
Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of two named women characters talking about something besides men. Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of passing the Bechdel test.
942
Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of passing the Bechdel test. Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of men in the narrative talking to each other about women.
943
Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of men in the narrative talking to each other about women. Similarly, the use of more agent-empowering verbs in female narratives decrease the odds of passing the Bechdel test.
944
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are more often in positions where they can forbid or permit actions and decisions.
945
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are more often in positions where they can forbid or permit actions and decisions. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power.
946
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are more often in positions where they are blocked or allowed to do things by others.
947
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are more often in positions where they are blocked or allowed to do things by others. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power.
948
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of low power.
949
Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of low power. Furthermore, male characters use inhibitory language more (inhib), which contains words pertaining to blocking or allowing, suggesting that these characters are in positions of power.
950
Looking at pictures online of people trying to take photos of mirrors they want to sell is my new thing... Looking at pictures online of people trying to take photos of mirrors is my new thing...
951
Looking at pictures online of people trying to take photos of mirrors is my new thing... Looking at pictures online of people trying to take photos of mirrors they want to sell is my new thing...
952
A serene wind rolled across the glade. A tempestuous wind rolled across the glade.
953
A tempestuous wind rolled across the glade. A serene wind rolled across the glade.
954
A serene wind rolled across the glade. An easterly wind rolled across the glade.
955
An easterly wind rolled across the glade. A serene wind rolled across the glade.
956
A serene wind rolled across the glade. A calm wind rolled across the glade.
957
A calm wind rolled across the glade. A serene wind rolled across the glade.
958
A serene wind rolled across the glade. A wind rolled across the glade.
959
A wind rolled across the glade. A serene wind rolled across the glade.
960
The reaction was strongly exothermic. The reaction media got very hot.
961
The reaction media got very hot. The reaction was strongly exothermic.
962
The reaction was strongly exothermic. The reaction media got very cold.
963
The reaction media got very cold. The reaction was strongly exothermic.
964
The reaction was strongly endothermic. The reaction media got very hot.
965
The reaction media got very hot. The reaction was strongly endothermic.
966
The reaction was strongly endothermic. The reaction media got very cold.
967
The reaction media got very cold. The reaction was strongly endothermic.
968
She didn't think I had already finished it, but I had. I had already finished it.
969
I had already finished it. She didn't think I had already finished it, but I had.
970
She didn't think I had already finished it, but I had. I hadn't already finished it.
971
I hadn't already finished it. She didn't think I had already finished it, but I had.
972
She thought I had already finished it, but I hadn't. I had already finished it.
973
I had already finished it. She thought I had already finished it, but I hadn't.
974
She thought I had already finished it, but I hadn't. I hadn't already finished it.
975
I hadn't already finished it. She thought I had already finished it, but I hadn't.
976
Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't make any specific claims. Temple didn't make any specific claims.
977
Temple didn't make any specific claims. Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't make any specific claims.
978
Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't make any specific claims. The business didn't make any specific claims.
979
The business didn't make any specific claims. Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't make any specific claims.
980
Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't have a chance of going into the red. Temple didn't have a chance of going into the red.
981
Temple didn't have a chance of going into the red. Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't have a chance of going into the red.
982
Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't have a chance of going into the red. Temple said the business didn't have a chance of going into the red.
983
Temple said the business didn't have a chance of going into the red. Temple said that the business was facing difficulties, but didn't have a chance of going into the red.
984
The profits of the businesses that focused on branding were still negative. The businesses that focused on branding still had negative profits.
985
The businesses that focused on branding still had negative profits. The profits of the businesses that focused on branding were still negative.
986
The profits of the business that was most successful were still negative. The profits that focused on branding were still negative.
987
The profits that focused on branding were still negative. The profits of the business that was most successful were still negative.
988
The profits of the businesses that were highest this quarter were still negative. The businesses that were highest this quarter still had negative profits.
989
The businesses that were highest this quarter still had negative profits. The profits of the businesses that were highest this quarter were still negative.
990
The profits of the businesses that were highest this quarter were still negative. For the businesses, the profits that were highest were still negative.
991
For the businesses, the profits that were highest were still negative. The profits of the businesses that were highest this quarter were still negative.
992
I baked him a cake. I baked him.
993
I baked him. I baked him a cake.
994
I baked him a cake. I baked a cake for him.
995
I baked a cake for him. I baked him a cake.
996
I gave him a note. I gave a note to him.
997
I gave a note to him. I gave him a note.
998
Jake broke the vase. The vase broke.
999
The vase broke. Jake broke the vase.