Datasets:
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---
language:
- es
- it
license: mit
size_categories:
- n<1K
task_categories:
- zero-shot-classification
- question-answering
- text-classification
pretty_name: VIRC
dataset_info:
features:
- name: annotation
dtype: string
- name: annotation_type
dtype: string
- name: annotator_id
dtype: string
- name: headline
dtype: string
- name: interval_end_at
dtype: int64
- name: interval_exact_highlight
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- name: lang
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- name: text_id
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dataset_size: 6678386
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files:
- split: all
path: data/all-*
- split: all_tags
path: data/all_tags-*
- split: gold_tags
path: data/gold_tags-*
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path: data/spa_all_tags-*
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---
# Vulnerable Identities Recognition Corpus (VIRC) for Hate Speech Analysis
Welcome to the Vulnerable Identities Recognition Corpus (VIRC), a dataset created to enhance hate speech analysis in Italian and Spanish news headlines. VIRC provides annotated headlines aimed at identifying vulnerable identities, dangerous discourse, derogatory mentions, and entities. This corpus contributes to developing more sophisticated hate speech detection tools and policies for creating a safer online environment. The work has been published at the Tenth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2024) with the name of [Vulnerable Identities Recognition Corpus (VIRC) for Hate Speech Analysis](https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3878/49_main_long.pdf). The code for the experiments performed in the paper are available in the github repo [https://github.com/oeg-upm/virc](https://github.com/oeg-upm/virc).
## Overview
VIRC is designed to support the study of hate speech in headlines from two languages: Italian and Spanish. It includes 880 headlines (532 Italian and 348 Spanish), collected and annotated with the following labels:
- *Named Entities*: Identifies persons, locations, organizations, groups, etc. mentioned in the headline.
- *Vulnerable Identity Mentions*: Labels groups such as women, LGBTQI, ethnic minorities, and migrants targeted by hate speech.
- *Derogatory Mentions*: Marks phrases that are derogatory towards vulnerable groups.
- *Dangerous Speech*: Highlights parts of the text perceived as potentially inciting hate or perpetuating harmful stereotypes.
## Data
- `Spanish`: The Spanish datasets are split into two sets, *agreement* and *disagreement*. *Agreement* set contains the data annotated by the two original annotators, while the *disagreement* set contains the news where no agreement was reached and a third annotator was needed.
- `Italian`: The Italian data consists of only one set annotated by two annotators.
## Annotation
The `VIRC_Guidelines.pdf` contains the annotation guidelines provided to annotators. This can be seen sintetized in the paper. The dataset is provided with several splits depending of which elements are included:
- *Annotations (Spanish)*: Annotators annotations for Spanish.
- *Annotations (Italian)*: Annotators annotations for Italian.
- *Gold (Spanish)*: Gold standard annotations for Spanish.
- *Gold (Italian)*: Gold standard annotations for Italian.
- *Comments (Spanish)*: Annotators comments for Spanish.
- *Comments (Italian)*: Annotators comments for Italian.
The different splits include:
| **Configuration** | **Annotations (Spanish)** | **Annotations (Italian)** | **Gold (Spanish)** | **Gold (Italian)** | **Comments (Spanish)** | **Comments (Italian)** | **Number of Rows** |
|----------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------------------|
| **`all`** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |6027 |
| **`all_tags`** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |5536 |
| **`spa_all`** | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ |3407 |
| **`ita_all`** | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |2620 |
| **`spa_all_tags`** | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |3256 |
| **`ita_all_tags`** | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |2280 |
| **`gold_tags`** | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |1131 |
| **`spa_gold_tags`** | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |550 |
| **`ita_gold_tags`** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |581 |
| **`tags`** | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |4405 |
| **`spa_tags`** | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |2125 |
| **`ita_tags`** | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |2280 |
| **`comments`** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ |491 |
| **`spa_comments`** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ |151 |
| **`ita_comments`** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ |340 |
## Usage and Information
The dataset can be loaded with:
``` python
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("Ibaii99/virc")
```
## BibTeX Entry and Citation Info
``` bibtex
@inproceedings{IbaiArianna2024,
author = {Ibai Guill{\'{e}}n{-}Pacho and
Arianna Longo and
Marco Antonio Stranisci and
Viviana Patti and
Carlos Badenes{-}Olmedo},
editor = {Felice Dell'Orletta and
Alessandro Lenci and
Simonetta Montemagni and
Rachele Sprugnoli},
title = {The Vulnerable Identities Recognition Corpus {(VIRC)} for Hate Speech
Analysis},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics
(CLiC-it 2024), Pisa, Italy, December 4-6, 2024},
series = {{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings},
volume = {3878},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
year = {2024},
url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3878/49_main_long.pdf},
}
```
## Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the Predoctoral Grant (PIPF-2022/COM-25947) of the Consejería de Educación, Ciencia y Universidades de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain. Arianna Longo's work has been supported by aequa-tech.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (www.upm.es) for providing computing resources on the IPTC-AI innovation Space AI Supercomputing Cluster.
## License
This work is licensed under the MIT License. For more details, see the LICENSE file. |