text: Combined tracheal and esophageal stenting for palliation of tracheoesophageal symptoms from mediastinal lymphoma.
  Mediastinal lymphoma as a cause of tracheobronchial obstruction is uncommon, and a malignant tracheoesophageal fistula in the setting of mediastinal lymphoma is rare. Malignant tracheoesophageal fistulas are associated with pronounced morbidity and mortality. We describe a patient with mediastinal lymphomatous infiltration resulting in tracheal obstruction, esophageal obstruction, and tracheoesophageal fistula that were successfully palliated with combined airway and esophageal stent placement.
  
entities.text: ['tracheal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T1
entities.text: ['esophageal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T2
entities.text: ['tracheoesophageal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T3
entities.text: ['mediastinal lymphoma']
entities.type: Pathological_formation
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T4
entities.text: ['Mediastinal lymphoma']
entities.type: Pathological_formation
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T5
entities.text: ['tracheobronchial']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T6
entities.text: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']
entities.type: Immaterial_anatomical_entity
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T7
entities.text: ['mediastinal lymphoma']
entities.type: Pathological_formation
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T8
entities.text: ['tracheoesophageal fistulas']
entities.type: Immaterial_anatomical_entity
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T9
entities.text: ['mediastinal lymphomatous']
entities.type: Pathological_formation
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T10
entities.text: ['tracheal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T11
entities.text: ['esophageal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T12
entities.text: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']
entities.type: Immaterial_anatomical_entity
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T13
entities.text: ['airway']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T14
entities.text: ['esophageal']
entities.type: Multi-tissue_structure
entities.entity_id: PMID-12479523_T15